독알 통일과 재정의 역할

The unification of Germany and the role of finances

독일 통일을 가능하게 만든 결정적 요소로는 3가지를 언급할수 있다. 첫째는 준비된 사람이다. 콜 수상은 일찍부터 통일을 염두에 둔 외교정책을 수립하고, 프랑스, 미국, 소련 등의 정치가들의 신뢰관계를 유지했고, 통일의 기회가 다가왔을때에 과감하게 독일의 이해관계를 관철 시켰다. 툴쨰는 주변 국가들의 환경변화이다. 특히 소련과 동독의 국가재정상태가 어려워지면서, 그들은 서독의 재정지원에 의존하게 되었다. 서독은 막대한 재정지원을 바탕으로 소련으로부터 통일에 대한 동의를 어덩냈고, 동독을 흡수하게 되었다. 셋째는 시대정신의 변화이다. 고르바초프가 주장한 개혁정신은 동유럽에 자유와 민주주의에 대한 갈망을 불러일으켰다.

Based on Hegel s argument, we can summarize the historical factors that brought about German unification in three ways. First is the change of values led by the invisible hand. Asthe movement of reform and opening up took place in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the spirituality that pursued freedom was surfaced, and the values maintained the communist system were no longer. The desire for change started from the prayer meeting of the Leipzig Church was stronger than any other ideology. This change of values brought about a change of behavior, which eventually led to the collapse of the East government. Second are people who were prepared for the changes in the spirit of the times. The Soviet Union pursued reform and opening policies through Mikhail Gorbachev. German chancellor Kohl tried to build trust with US President Bush and the Soviet Gorbachev. Kohl recognized unification as a mission to be carried out by political leaders. Through negotiations with Gorbachev, the right of sovereignty and self-determination of the German people was guaranteed, and on the basis of this principle, the agreement on unification was obtained. Third is the change of the physical environment. The Soviet Union and East Germany were in need of financial support from the West as the economic situation deteriorated. West Germany was ready to finance their economy. Because of the financial pressure, the East Germans chose to move themselves to West Germany. The changes in the physical environment caused by the financial pressures opened the way for the unification. Without this financial crisis of the Union and East Germany, German unification could not have proceeded easily.