독일제국과 식민지 폭력:

German Empire and Colonial Violence

First of all, this thesis analyzed Herero uprising and massacre by German soldiers in German colony of Southwestern Africa from 1904 to 1907. Then, this investigated the motivation and mechanism of this cruel colonial violence focusing on the military practices and culture of German Empire. What is the reason for this massacre which drove the weak and hungry Herero tribe to deserts and made half of them die? Behind the massacre by German Empire and army, there were more direct reasons such as incomplete constitutional system, overwhelming military power, and expanded commander’s power in the fronts. However, more fundamental reasons can be found in the spread of German military culture that has emerged since 1880s. The activities of the instigation groups that appeal expansion of nationalism made it difficult to stop the massacre in Southwestern Africa. In addition, the desire of ‘colonialism for settlement(Siedlungskolonialismus)’ to occupy more space by emperor Wilhelm was mixed with racism and made the violence more cruel. Thus, German military operations including massacre are quite different from the colonial policy of UK or US. It is regarded as an inefficient income-generating(kontraproduktiv) effect compared to the investment on the colonies. As a result, the massacre by German soldiers in Southwestern Africa became prominent in German history and the history of colonial violence. Additionally, the violence in Southwestern Africa raised questions whether the violence and massacre during the 1st World War or under the Nazi system are continuation of the former in Southwestern Africa. This continuation issue emphasizes the necessity of comparative history research on the colonial violence and makes us to reconsider the historial meaning of colonial violence.