Authenticity in Religious Tourism Experiences - A Case Study of Fo Guang Shan Monastery in Taiwan

In recent years there has been a lively discussion in the literature on the subjects of authenticity, heritage tourism and the effect of globalization on local cultures. There are as many advocates as there are critics with varying opinions on what represents ‘authenticity’, and whether policies for the preservation, safeguarding should be realized or not. As there is little research on authenticity in religious tourism and as most was conducted in western countries, this paper will contribute to the literature significantly. It explores, using qualitative research methods, whether signs of globalization at the Fo Guang Shan Monastery in Taiwan, and aspects perceived as less authentic, have an impact on the travel experience of young Taiwanese visitors. A group of 62 students visited the religious site and had to write down their thoughts on the site as a whole, the available souvenirs, and the rituals at the monastery. They were further asked to take pictures to support their thoughts, write on the importance of religious attractions during their trip, and whether Fo Guang Shan Monastery is an ‘authentic’ religious location with meaningful rituals to them or rather a destination for tourists. The findings indicate that religion seems to be of high importance to the students’ lives and, when considering the temple grounds of the monastery, they perceive the location having high value and being a fantastic attraction, there are however, some aspects of the main entrance hall which took away their feeling of authenticity: the presence of Starbucks, ice cream shops, and clothing shops. Participants showed a positive attitude towards all souvenirs, regardless of whether they were perceived authentic or not. In summary, students found the monastery of high value, in both religious and touristic senses, and support the idea of religious monuments acting as tourist attractions.