만 5세 유아들의 자유선택활동시간에 나타난 양보에 관한 연구

A Study on Young Children’s concessions manifested during Free Choice Activity Time

본 연구는 유치원에서 실시하는 자유선택활동 시간을 중심으로 참여 관찰하여 유아들의 양보 행동을 살펴보고 유형과 수준을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 W, E, K유치원의 만 5세 75명이었으며, 3개월 동안 총 31회에 걸친 참여관찰과 유아면담을 실시하였다. 연구결과 양보의 유형은 ‘또래의 위협으로 인한 양보’, ‘권력으로 인한 양보’, ‘규칙으로 인한 양보’, ‘관계유지를 위한 양보’, ‘상호 호혜적 양보’, ‘선의로 하는 양보’로 나타났다. 양보의 수준은 0수준 ‘양보를 하지 않음’, 1수준 ‘보상을 기대하면서 타율적으로 희생하는 행동’, 2수준 ‘보상을 기대하지 않으면서 타율적으로 희생하는 행동’, 3수준 ‘보상을 기대하면서 자율적으로 희생하는 행동’, 4수준 ‘보상을 기대하지 않으면서 자율적으로 희생하는 행동’으로 5수준으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 교육현장에서 필요한 양보 교육 활동을 구성하는데 도움을 제공할 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the types and levels of young children’ concession behaviors manifested during the free choice activity time in kindergartens. The subjects of this study were 75 children in the age of 5 who are registered in W, E and K kindergartens. Study conducted 31 sessions of observation in participation and interviews with the children over the period of 3 months. As a result of the study, the types of concessions were classified into concessions caused by peer threat , concessions caused by power , concessions caused by regulations , concessions to maintain relationship , mutually beneficial concessions and ‘concession out of good will.’ Concession were classified into 5 levels as follows; level 0 was behaviors without concessions ; level 1 was heteronomous sacrificing behaviors in anticipation of compensations ; level 2 was heteronomous sacrificing behaviors without anticipation of compensations’; level 3 was autonomous sacrificing behaviors in anticipation of compensations ; level 4 was autonomous sacrificing behaviors without anticipation of compensations.’ These findings are expected to provide valuable help in constructing concession training activities required in educational fields.