소방활동을 위한 밀폐공간 UWB 무선통신 측위성능 평가

The Evaluation of UWB Wireless Communication Position Determination Function in an Enclosed Space for Fire Fighting

밀폐된 공간에서 통신인프라가 파괴될 경우, 긴급 유·무선 통신환경을 구축하여 화재진압 및 소방관 위치확인을통한 보다 안전한 재난대응환경 확보가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) 무선통신망을 이용하여 밀폐된 실내 통신환경을 구축하기 위해 6가지 실내환경에 대해 단일 UWB 통신모듈에 대한 통신측위 성능평가를 최대20 m까지 측정하였다. UWB 통신주파수 각 대역별 6개 채널에 대한 실내환경 통신거리 측정 결과, 개방공간(평균15.5 m, 최대 20 m), 복도(평균 17.33 m, 최대 20 m), 실내집기류 존치 실내(평균 15.3 m, 최대 20 m), 수직계단(평균4.33 m, 최대 6 m), 방화문 폐쇄 수평공간(평균 6.5 m, 최대 17 m)으로 나타났다. 이중 7번 채널인 6489.6∼1081.6MHz 주파수 대역에서 통신성능과 거리성능이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 UWB 통신모듈을 20m 간격으로설치하고 멀티채널을 이용할 경우 밀폐공간에서 통신환경 구축이 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

The absence of fire fighters connection to communication can bring about increased loss of life due to errors and delaysin rescue and actions and danger to their own safety. Therefore, when communication infrastructure has been destroyed in anenclosed space, it is necessary to set up an emergency wire or wireless telecommunication environment to fire fighting andto secure safer environment to deal with the disaster by checking the location of fire fighters. In this research, for theestablishment communication environment in an enclosed inside using Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) wireless communicationnetwork, the performance of communication position determination of a single UWB communication module was evaluatedregarding 6 kinds of indoor surroundings. When the communication distance in an indoor environment of each 6 channelsbandwidth of UWB communication frequency was measured, the results were as follows: the open space (Ave. 15.5 m, Max. 20 m), the corridor (Ave. 17.33 m, Max 20 m), inside retaining home furnishings (Ave. 15.3 m, Max. 20 m), vertical stairs(Ave. 4.33 m, Max. 6 m), horizontal space with a closed fire door (Ave. 6.5 m, Max. 17 m). It was also found out that thecommunication function and the distance function were best in the frequency range from 6489.6 to 1081.6 MHz by 7 Ch. Accordingly, the establishment of communication environment in an enclosed space is judged to be possible when UWBcommunication module is set up at 20 m apart and multiple channels are used.