韓國에 있어서의 陸地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)의 集團遺傳學的 育種硏究

Studies on Population Genetics and Breeding of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Korea

The valuation of upland cotton varieties were recognized by the principal component analysis for 14 agronomic characteristics of introduced 100 varieties from major cotton producing countries in the world. The American varieties are characterized by late maturity, large boll, high lint percentage and long staple, but the Korean varieties by early maturity, many boll, low lint percentage and short staple. With the genetic analysis of three important agronomic traits in 11parents partial diallel cross F₁’s, the varieties with the many dominant genes in their traits were Delfos 9169 and Arizona with dominance toward the long staple, Paymaster, Arizona and Mokpo 6 with the high lint percentage, and Arizona, Mokpo 6 and Copt 6390 with the large boll. The fluctuations of the genetic variations and the estimates of the broad sense heritabilities of six agronomic charactistics, and correlations amgng six characters were evaluated from the advanced generations for three crosses between American late, big boll and long staple varieties and Korean early, small boll and short staple varieties. The newly bred 2 best of the previos strains were made by the backcrossings between Korean early variety Mokpo 5 as the non-recurrent parent and American long staple variety Arizona as the recurrent parent. Finally, the edigree model of useful characters to transgression breeding was proposed.