油菜의 脂肪酸組成 改良育種에 關한 硏究 第18報. 油菜와 芥子의 種間交雜에 따른 薄皮黃色種皮形質 및 에루진酸의 遺傳樣式

Breeding for Improvement of Fatty Acid Composition in Rapeseed, Brassica napus L. ⅩⅧ. Studies on Inheritance of Yellow Seed Coat and Erucic Acid in Crosses of Rapeseed (B. napus L.) and Mustard (B. juncea L.) Cultivars

This experiment was conducted to investigate the nature of inheritance of seed coat color and fatty acids in crosses of yellow mustard and black rapeseed with zero-erucic acid to develop yellow rapeseed cultivars which have better quality of fatty acid composition. In reciprocal crosses between rapeseed and mustard, successful fertility occurred only when mustard was a female parent along with rapeseed as a male parent. The F₁ seed coat color was black. At the F₂ generation there was a segregation with the ratios of 9 black: 3 heavy brown : 3 light brown : 1 yellow. Zero-erucic acid was controlled by two recessive genes when crossed between mustard with erucic acid of 47 percent and rapeseed with good quality fatty acid composition involving zero-erucic acid genes. The eight lines with yellow seed coat and zero-erucic acid were selected among the four crosses between mustard and rapeseed, which have high cold tolerance. The lines selected had thin seed coat being 12.4 percent in mean value of seed coat ratio when compared with thick seed coat of rapeseed being 16.4 percent, resulting in 3-5 percent increase in oil content of rapeseed. YR-82028-B-29, one of the promising lines, had the lowest 11.4 percent of seed coat ratio and composed good fatty acids along with yellow seed coat.