大麥의 出穗期 및 登熟期間의 遺傳 Ⅲ. F₂및 戻交雜을 利用한 出穗期와 登熟其間의 遺傳 및 選拔效率

Genetic analysis of heading time and grain-filling period in barley(hordeum vulgare L.) Ⅲ. A generation mean analysis and selection efficiency of heading time and grain-filling period

The combination of early heading time and short grain-filling period is very important to develop early varieties in winter barley. Parents, F₁, F₂ and back-cross generations of four crosses were grown in the controlled greenhouse and field to partition genetic components and evaluate the selection efficiency. The earliness of heading time was due to a few partial dominant and minor genes in two crosses, but the crosses with Tokak showed the transgressive segregation with predominantly early heading individuals in the greenhouse. The grain-filling period was controlled by a few partial dominant or dominant, and minor genes in the greenhouse. The realized heritability estimates for heading time and grain-filling period, depending on the crosses, ranged from 59 to 86% and from 47 to 89% in the field, respectively. The high heritabilities and considerable genetic gains indicated that the selection for two short periods in the early generations might be very effective.