生食用 바나나 育種方法과 硏究 現況

Research situations and breeding methods on edible banana

Banana breeding has been carried out since 1920’s, however, the results are not satisfactory. The difficulties in barana breeding are high sterility and several defects of wild banana which is used parant maferial in hybridization. “Gros Michel” and “Cavendish” are main cultivated edible banana varieties, but it have defects of weak disease resistance. Panama disease, Sigatoka disease and nematodes Radopholus are main pest disease in banana cultivation. The breeding target of edible banana is introduction of disease resitance, that is, synthesiss of disease resistant gene from diploid bananas and excellent crop characteristics from triploid bananas. Therefore, the result of edible banana breeding is influenced greatly by the quality of diploid grermplasm introduced. Many germplasm including wild type and diploid gene were collected in all the world, and contributed to practical banana breeding. Natural diploid germplasm PJB that is discovered by Honduran program and its modified diploid SH-3142 are very successful examples in germplasm collection.