우리나라의 古農書 Ⅱ. 禾本科作物의 種類와 品種의 變遷(1492-1886)

Old references related to agriculture in Korea Ⅱ. Kinds and varieties of cereal crops(1492-1886)

More than 230 kinds of old books concerned with agriculture were published duration of Chosun-dynasty(Yi-dynasty) in Korea. 10 kinds of cereal crops were illustrated in 26 books among those old publications published before 1886. I could find that barley, broomcorn millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet and rice are older crops cultivated more than 1000 years, kaoliang millet, oats and wheat are old crops introduced during Koyeo-dyansty, and Job’s tear and corn are newly introduced crops during Chosun-dyansty in Korea. Variety names and their characteristics of varieties were recorded on rice, barley, wheat, broomcorn millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet, and kaoliang millet in old books published during 1492-1886, but variety names of corn were recorded on two books published in 1825 and 1842-1845, respectively. 27 varieties of rice, 4 varieties of barley, 2 varieties of wheat, 4 varieties of broomcorn millet, 25 varieties of foxtail millet, 5 varieties of barnyard millet, and 3 varieties of kaoliang millet were illustrated on old books named Kumyang Jamprok by Himaeng Kang published in 1492. Several new varieties were added on books published in 1700, 1771, 1825, and 1842-45. For instance, 37 variety names of rice were recorded on books named Salrim Kyungje published in 1700, 32 variety names on Kosasinseo in 1771, 169 varieties on Haengpoji in 1825, and 170 varieties on Limwon Kyungjeji published in 1842-1845. On Haengpoji published in 1825, and Limwon Kyungjeji published in 1842-1845, by the same author, all of the old names of varieties of cereal crops and legumes were recorded in Korean and Chinese characters, in which 170 varieties of rice, 10 varieties of barley, 8 varieties of wheat, 13 varieties of foxtail millet, 6 varieties of barnyard millet, 10 varieties of kaoliang millet, 3 varieties of corn, and other varities of legumes were recorded and their characteristics of varietiess were illustrated. I could concluded that old publications during 1492-1886, Kumyang Japrok published in 1492, Salrim Kyungje in 1700, Kosasinseo in 1771, Haedong Nongseo in 1798-1799, Haengpoji in 1825 and Limwon Kungjeji published in 1842-1845, are very important old publications to recognize old varieties and tendency of varietal changes of cereal crops and legumes duration of Chosun-dynasty(Yi-dynasty), and foreign varieties were introduced from 1886, and newly improved varieties were recorded from 1925, in Korea.