보리에 있어서 몇가지 主要形質의 雜種强勢

Heterosis of several agronomic characters in barley

To determine the feasibility of heterosis breeding on barley (Hordium bulgare L.) 9 agronomic characters of 12 hybrids were evaluated. Evaluations were conducted using heterosis which were comparison between the perforamnce of F₁ and that of parental average and heterobeltiosis which were comparison between the performance of F₁ and that of better parent. Heterosis were observed in 12 crosses but heterobeltiosis were found in 9 crosses out of 12 crosses in spike length. All the 12 crosses showed high degree of heterosis and heterobeltiosis in spike weight and the maximum increase over better parent was 25%. In case of number of spikes per plant, 7 crosses exceeded the parental average and 4 crosses showed greater number of spikes than better parents. The performance of F₁ for number of spikelets per spike were similar to number of spike per plant. Some degree of heterosis and heterobeltiosis were observed in number of stems per plant only in 4 crosses. Stem lenght of 11 hybrids were taller than parental average and 10 hybrids were taller than the tall parent. Only 5 crosses showed some degree of heterosis and only one cross exceeded the better parent in leaf area. Eleven crosses out of 12 crosses showed higher yield than the average of parents. Ten of the 12 hybrids produced higher grain weight than higher parent and the maximum increase over higher parent was 64%. Hybrids between early parent and late parent showed late heading date. However, in a cross between late parents, the F₁ headed 5 days earlier than the parents.