옥수수 半數體 育種을 위한 葯培養 硏究

Development of anther culture techniques for haploid maize breeding

To shorten down our breeding cycle by the di-haploid induced through the anther culture technique, factors affecting the anther culturability in maize were revised. Among 13 hybrids tested, P3424 and Ching-Huang 13 were best genotypes for anther culture. The induction ratio were 0.71% in Ching-Huang 13 and 0.64% in P3424. Ninety three embryoids induced from 49,200 anthers plated and 11 plantlets produced from these embryoids. Microspores in early-uninucleate stage responded to culture in Ching-Huang 13. Leaf number can be a good growth index for the tassels bearing the uninucleate microspores. Anthers in one tassel varied in their developmental stages. Anther culture efficiency improved by the cold pretreatment and osmotic pressure. A 9℃-14 days treatment brought the best result. The effect of osmotic pressure was rather remarkable ; maximum of 5 times in producing plantlets. Among 11 plantlets produced 4 plants were survived and were detected as haploids. Through colchicine treatment 2 kernels were harvested. Further studies should be followed to confirm the above results.