일본에 있어서제3섹터의 혁신과 사회적기업에 관한연구

Innovation in the Third Sector and Social Enterprises in Japan

The third sector, which is an area in between the public and the private sectors, has drawn our attention with expectation that it could solve problems that none of the other two sectors could not. The purpose of this research is to study innovation in the third sector and to examine birth of social enterprises in Japan. We identified that the third sector in Japan had various problems including structural irresponsibility, loss of efficient management, ambiguity in the areas of activities, increase of cumulative financial loss, disagreement between professional employees and private sector personnel, and so on. In order to overcome these problems and as means of innovation of the third sector, Japan promoted social enterprises. Social enterprises are not completely free from problems. However, this study indicates that social enterprises could provide better solution social problem in Japan. Tools used to improve management of social enterprises and its output include networking among the social enterprises and study activities through such a group as the society of social enterprise study.