Chromosome variations in callus and plant lnduced from haploid embryos of barley

The experiment was conducted to know the frequencies of chromosomal variations and effects of callus types, 2, 4-D concentrations and genotypes as well as its interaction in callus and plants regenerated from haploid embryos of barley. Chromosome analysis was done 1,478 cells from 346 embryogenic(E) and nonembrvogenic(NE) calli produced by immatured haploid embryos of Bruce, Klages and Rodeo, spring barley cultivars. Average of chromosomal stability was 67.6%, 79.3% and 75.3% in E callus and 25.9%, 31.3% and 30.8% in NE callus, and 60.9%, 81.2% and 89.4% in plants induced from calli of Bruce, Klages and Rodeo, respectively. The chromosomal variation was predominantly diploidy in callus and plant. The rearrangement of chromosome structure was observed in callus and plant. High concentration of 2,4-D increased the chromosomal variation in callus, while varietal effect was not found among three genotypes.