遺傳子의 體制 및 遺傳子 發現의 調節

Gene organization and regulation of gene expression

DNA manipulation techniques are valuable tools in investigating gene structure and regulation of gene expression. In the last decade with the continued improvements of these methods such sophisticated manipulations as the constructions of chimaeric genes, generations of transgenic plants, or deletion of 5’, 3’ regulatory regions of genes have become the routine technologies these days. Besides the interaction between the cis-elements of gene promoters and trans-acting proteins binding to them, methylation, antisense RNA, and ribozyme, respectively, play particular roles in the regulation of gene expression. What remains unclear is the effect of the tremendous genomic fluxes occurring in the somatic cells in vivo or in the cells cultured in vitro on the gene expression or on the differentiation of tissues and organs in the ontogenetic development from the zygotic genome. This paper is intended to describe some of the basic knowledges including gene organization and regulation of gene expression in an attempt to introduce these problems to the scientists specializing primarily in the conventional breeding.