한ㆍ일 감정ㆍ심리 오노마토피어 어휘화 과정 분석

Analysis of the Lexicalization of Korean and Japanese Onomatopoeia Describing Feeling and Emotion - With Focus on the Weakened Relation between Sound and Meaning -

本論文ではオノマトペが音や物事の様子を写す段階から一般語に近い性格を持つ段階に語彙化が進行される場合、音と意味との有緣性が弱化される現象について考察した。 まず、オノマトペ語彙内部の語彙化段階別分類を行い、感情ㆍ心理オノマトペが一般語との境界に位置することを確認した。また、清ㆍ濁の対応、陽性母音と陰性母音の対応などが意味的な対応につながっているかを検討し、韓国語と日本語の感情ㆍ心理オノマトペの語彙化過程を分析した。一方、述語用法の場合、日本語の感情ㆍ心理オノマトペは、「する」用法で抽象的な意味を表すのが一般的であるが、韓国語の感情ㆍ心理オノマトペは、述語用法の他、副詞としての用法もよく現れている。ただ、韓国語の感情ㆍ心理オノマトペは慣用表現として使われる場合、陽性母音と陰性母音の交替に制約が現れた。 以上のように、抽象的に意味拡張された日本語の感情ㆍ心理オノマトペの場合は、すべての用例が音的な対応及び交替が不可能であるので、韓国語の感情ㆍ心理オノマトペに比べてより語彙化されていると思われる。

This paper aims to examine the weakened relation between sound and meaning in the case of high lexicalization, in which Japanese onomatopoeia transform from the words imitating sound and states to the ordinary words. In line with this aim, the study attempts to classify the degrees of lexicality of onomatopoeia words, verifying that the onomatopoeia describing feeling and emotion are most likely to be part of the established vocabulary. It also investigates whether the equivalents of voiced/voiceless consonants and those of voiced/voiceless vowels are semantically related, which used to be regarded as the characteristic of onomatopoeia with a close relation between sound and meaning. After analyzing the lexicalization of Korean and Japanese onomatopoeia expressing feeling and emotion, it demonstrates that the latter is more lexicalized than the former since Japanese onomatopoeia with abstract and figurative meanings do not have their equivalents in both sound and meaning. On the other hand, Korean onomatopoeia words tend to be more lexicalized when they are used as idiomatic expressions.