고추 葯培養에서 培地組成 및 溫度處理와 品種에 따른 胚發生 및 植物體分化率과 遺傳的 變異

Effect of medium compositions, heat treatment and genotypes on embryogenesis and plant regeneration, and genetic variation of derived plantlets in anther culture of capsicum annuum

In order to investigate the efficiency of embryogenesis, the regeneration and ploidy of plantlets derived from embryos, anthers in the mid-uninucleate to early bicellular stage of sweet pepper have been cultured on Dumas de Vaulx et al.’s “C” basic medium containing various levels of growth regulatiors and they were treated heat(35℃) after incubation for two and eight days in the dark. The efficiency of embryogenesis depending on the genotypes was varied from 0.8% to 12.0 of cultured anthers. In line No. 9-1 and No. 15-4 of sweet pepper over 10 % of anthers were induced the microspore-originated embryos. Best embryo induction in sweet pepper was observed in the media supplemented with 0.01㎎/ℓ of kinetin and 2, 4-D respectively. In experiment of heat treatment, eight days treatment was more effective for embryo induction than two days. Among microspore-derived plantlets high frequencies of haploid, haploidal diploids or mixoploids were observed, sometimes more than 50 percent. The plantlets were hardened and intercrossed for seed setting, and they will be use to germplasms for breeding program.