벼 組織培養 由來 變異系統의 主要特性 및 種子 蛋白質 電氣泳動相

Some characteristics and electrophoretic patterns of seed protein in rice variants derived from tissue culture

To select the useful rice variants by tissue culture, anther, isolated microspore or inflorescence of four japonica rice cultivars were cultured in vitro. Regenerated plants showed wider range of variation than original cultivar in several characteristics. 18 variants were selected from the progenies(R₂) derived from anther(AC), isolated microspore(MC) or inflorescence culture(IC). The selected variants(R₂) were investigated for agronomic characteristics and grain quality. Five AC lines derived from Koshihikari were delayed for 4~10 days in heading date than original cultivar. Culm length and panicle length were simultainously reduced in most of the selected lines, while Dongjinbyeo-IC 1 and Norinmochi No. 1-AC 13 were semidwarf without reducing the panicle length. Daecheongbyeo-MC 2, -MC 3, -MC 13 and -MC 21 were more highly tillered than original cultivar. Grain number per panicle of five variants, Dongjinbyeo -AC 7, -IC 1, Daecheongbyeo -MC 3, -MC 13 and -MC 21, was significantly increased and the highest one was 103 grains per panicle in Dongjinbyeo-IC 1. One-thousand-grain weight was significantly reduced in most of the variants except Daecheongbyeo-AC 11 and-AC 13. Milled rice yield of Daecheongbyeo-MC 3, and -MC 21 were significantly increased compared with the original cultivar, but that of other lines was the similar or reduced one. Amylose content and alkari digestibility of selected lines were similar to those of original cultivars. Chalkiness of milled rice were more increased in Dongjinbyeo-IC 1, Koshihikari-AC 3, -AC 4 and -AC 7, and Daecheongbyeo-MC 3 compared with the original cultivars. SDS - PAGE banding patterns of seed protein showed no differance between variants and original cultivars. The specific band(pH 4.2~4.8) of esterase in Norinmochi No. 1-AC 13 was stronger than that in original cultivar, and the band wasn’t detected in non-glutinoues cultivars, Dongjinbyeo and Daecheongbyeo.