陸地棉과 亞細亞棉의 種間雜種 및 雜種倍數體植物의 特性

Characteristics of interspecific and doubled hybrid between Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum

The experiment was carried out to find the simple identification ways and ascertain the true hybrid plant of Gossypium hirsutum×G. arboreum. The size and numbers were 26 big and 26 small in G. hirsutum, and 26 big in G. arboreum, but 26 big and 13 small in the their F₁ hybrid plants. The ratio of the chloroplast in guard cell was similar apect to the ratio of chromosome number that was 11 in G. arboreum, 17 in Gossypium hirsutum and 13 in their F₁ hybrid between Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum. The characteristics of F₁ hybrid plants were similar to G. hirsutum in plant height, phyllotaxy and lobing of the leaves but intermediate in leaf margin and red spot on the base of corolla, which help authentication of thier hybridity readily. Pollen grains of the F₁ hybrid plants were mostly abnormal in shape, while those of the chromosome doubled F₁ plants were mixture of normal and abmormal ones. The chromosome-doubled F₁ plants produced longer and stronger fibers and heavier seeds than their parental species.