이슬람국가(IS) 현상과 새로운 양상의 국제안보 위협에 관한 연구

A Study on the IS Phenomenon and the New Threat to International Security

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the foundation of the Islamic State (IS) and its growth after the withdrawal of American troops from Iraq in 2011 and from the Syrian civil war. The article also aims to compare the anti-IS war with the characteristics of the 4th generation war. This study posits that the main reason for the rise of the Islamic State is the Iraqi Shia government s failure to include Sunni people in the nation-building process after the withdrawal of U.S. military forces. The Syrian civil war, which started in 2011, was the main catalyst for the military buildup of the IS both in Syrian and Iraqi territories. Additionally, the failure of major world powers, including the U.S., Russia, and China, to peacefully resolve the Syrian civil war was the main cause for the expansion of IS activities in Syria and Iraq. This paper also found that the strategies and tactics of the IS against the anti-IS coalition group were very similar to the characteristics of the 4th generation war. The 4th generation war, which represents war between the states and non-state actors, is a new phenomenon in the era of globalization. In the 4th generation war, the state is a weaker, not stronger, party. In the 21st century, non-state organizations, such as IS, Al-Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Boko Haram, have become major threats to world peace. The main reason for the proliferation of non-state militant groups is the failure or collapse of the state. As a result, major world powers and international organizations, including the U.S., Russia, China, and the UN, must help weaker states rebuild their abilities in order to neutralize these violent non-state organizations. This will ultimately help achieve world security.