科學技術과 文化變動

Scientific Technology and Culture Change -A Microscopic Approach through Mountain Villages-

ThÏs study deals with the changes on hwnan society and culture caused by scientific technique in the pers야ctive of the comparative culture. In the same context, the study, in generaI, depicts the effects of the development of science and technology on popation， social system, family, consumption, leisure, health and culture change. At the same time, the study microscopically pinpoints the influences of the science technology on the daily routines of village people within mountain villages where there arc less chance of access to the outside world. The development in science technology gave rise to the popation growth and the ange in popation composition. In addition, throu industrialization urbanization, development in science and technology is leading out an increase in the gulf between rich P∞r， differentiation in a social stratum and diversification of social structure. Development in science technology had an influence on family, which is the basic unit of a society, leading to the great changes in family pattem, nily relationship, dision of role among family members, domestic duties of women and family training. Advance in scientific technology also affected production consumption activities of human beings. Moreover, it played a leading role in the change in material culture and consumption pattem due to the mass production and mass consumption system and caused an incrcase in leisurc activities through the reduction of working hours. Although the life expectancy of human beings have been lengthened with the help of innovating advanccments in mcdical services, a ncw ηpe of disease has been developed due to environmental disruption. Cφportunities of coming in contact with the different cultures have been enlarged due to thc advancement in science and technology there have been drastic culture changes such as new form of culture such as mass culture being spreaded. Within mountain villages, where there are relatively less chance of getting into contact with the outsidc, the spread of science technology has brought about a change in material way of living. Nevertheless, a spirit of mutual help, in which peoplε relied on cooperation with no benefits from sciencc and technology, is gradually disappearing. As we have seen, a1though the growth in science and technology has improved the quality of life of human beings, mankind were not able to receive those benefits. Even though advance of science and technology have made a great contribution to improvement of materiaI Iiving of human beings, exploring ways toward contributing to spiritual affluence is an important problem for us to soIve.