대학생의 자기노출 유형에 관한 Q-방법론적 연구

A Q-methodological study on the types of self-disclosure in college students

The purpose of this study was to explore the types of self-disclosure in college students. Self-disclosure is viewed as an important variable in relationship development and mental hygine. In this study making use of Q-methodology the authors attempted to identify the types of self-disclosure in college students and to provide materials for the teachers who involved in teaching and counseling. Self-discloser can express his/her opinions, and exert social influences. Receiver can reduce his/her uncertainties and get trust from the discloser. Pairs (discloser-receiver) can develop the intimacy, transactive memory system, and stipulate their relationships. Forty-eight Q-Statements related to self-disclosure were Q-sorted by fifty college students. The data were statistically analysed by Q-factor analysis and six characteristic factors could be extracted. The characteristic features of each factor were as follows; Factor A: The students of this factor mainly disclose their intimate informations to their friends. They emphasize the importance of reciprocity. So these students could be named “The Friends-Rational Reciprocals”. Factor B: The people of this pattern mainly disclose their important informations to their family and openly demand his requirements. “The Family-Open Demandants” could be named to them. Factor C: The persons of this type interact with strangers and casual acquaintances easily. They mainly disclose their reports to strangers and casual acquaintances, but they discriminate the contents. They listen quitely, display sympathy, show their concerns. So they could be called “The Strangers-Discriminants”. Factor D: The subjects of this factor have no Special characters and they are ambivalent in self-disclosure. The name of “The Ambivalents” is most likely. Factor E: The students of this factor disclose their private informations positively to every one whom they meet. Sometimes they are need to control their disclosure. They could be named as “The Positivists”. Factor F: These college students seldom disclose their concerns even though someone talks to them positively. Also they are to need to control their attitudes. They could be named “The Conservatives”. Discussion focused on the adequacy of Q-methodology for exploring the types of self-disclosure in college students, the variety of types of self-disclosure, and the college student’s guidance.