프랑스 기업사 연구의 핵심 쟁점

A few crucial issues on French business history - Case of Industrialization since Twentieth Century

Business history in France progressed in the mid 1970s, in the face of micro-economic approaches based notably on the study of business and technical innovation. The rejuvenated vision of the french economy has profited from advances in the analysis of net works and study of the State, international business history and the history of technological change. Arguing against the long-standing view that french economic and business development were crippled by missed opportunities and entrepreneurial failures, this study introduces new viewpoint of distinctive characteristics on French economic and business development. It includes the pivotal role of the French state, the pervasive influence of French financiers, and the significance of labor conflict. This research presents main issues on the efficiency of french economy due to privatization of public corporations which are characterized by inefficiency and lack of vitality. The privatization of public corporations in Europe has been accelerated 1980’s thanks to ex-prime minister of Great Britain, Margaret Tatcher. The issue on the ’Nationalization and Privatization’ attracted many historians on the broader international experience of nationalization and privatization. It involves two debates. Firstly there were any common features to the internal experience of nationalization and privatization, secondly as the main effects of privatization. Fundamentally, the State opted for public ownership because he regarded it as more effectives means of achieving its ends, than the available alternatives such as regulation. Yet while nationalization had increased government responsibility over its performance, there was the privatization policy three times from the mid 1980s to the late of 1990s. The question of ownership remains central to academic arguments over privatization.