모래놀이치료가 재한 중국 유학생의 외로움, 불안, 생활 스트레스 및 학교적응능력에 미치는 효과

TheEffectofSandPlayTherapyonChineseStudentsinKorea withLoneliness,Anxiety,LifestressandSchoolAdaptation

ThepurposeofthisstudyistoclarifytheeffectofSandplaytherapyonChineseinternationalstudents’ loneliness,anxiety,lifestress,andschooladaptation. TheobjectofthestudyisChineseinternationalstudents’studyinglanguages,andhavingtheregularcourse andthegraduatecourseatN UniversityinCcity.Selectingparticipantswasconductedbyrunningawanted adinformingtheprogram’spurpose,effect,term,andplacefor3weeks.Thestudyfirstcarriedoutasurvey targetingstudentswhointerestedintheprogram,andthenselectedpreferentially6studentswhohadhigher indexofloneliness,anxiety,andlifestress,lowerofschooladaptation,andhigherintentiontoparticipatein theprogram.Sandplaytherapywasprogressedasonetimeperweek,andforatotalof15weeksfrom AugusttoNovemberin2010,andthewholeprocessofSandplaytherapywasrecordedbyrecordingand photosafterseekingthepriorapprovalofparticipantsforcounselingandphotographing. Asaresearchtool,thestudyusedKorea sversionofUCLA LonelinessScalewhichRussell(1980,1982) produced and Kim Kyo-hun(1989)adapted,Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),lifestressScaleforUniversity Students that Chun Kym-gu and Kim Kyo-hyun(1991)developed,and Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire(SACQ)whichBakerandSiryk(1984)createdandHyunJin-won(1992)adapted.Moreover,forits qualitativeanalysis,thestudyrecordedthewholeprocessofSandplaytherapybyphotographingandrecording, andcollecteditsqualitativedatathroughdecalinggainedmaterials.Thestudycalculatedtheaverage,Wilcoxon sRankSum-test,andCronbach’sα ingainedquantitativedata by using SPSS 19.0 Version ofPC statisticaltools.Theparticipants’processofSandplay therapy was qualitativelyanalyzedbyusing‘SandtrayIndex.’SandtrayIndexofthestudyisthatIsupplementproperly using thekind ofcategoricalfiguresaccording to EricaMethod,LeeKyung-ha’s‘Sand trayEvaluation Model(2008)based on World-Test(Buhler,1951a;1951b),The Sandplay CategoricalChecklist(SCC)that Grubbs(1997)created,andWaystoLookatSandpictureswhichWeinberg(2009)produced. Theresultofthestudyisasfollows: First,thestudyexaminedwhetherSandplaytherapyreducedChineseinternationalstudents’loneliness,and therewasnotstatisticallyasignificantdifferenceinthepretestandposttest.However,theaveragegradeof thepretest(M=52.83)wasashigh as6.33 than oftheposttest(M=46.5).Thuslonelinessmaytend to declinein theposttestthan thepretest.Second,thestudyexamined whetherSandplay therapyrelaxed Chineseinternationalstudents’anxiety,andtheresultrepresentedthattheiranxietydeclinedsignificantlyin theposttest[(M=31),Z(-2.201,P<0.5)]thanthepretest(M=36.33).ThusSandplaytherapymaybeeffective inimprovingChineseinternationalstudents’anxiety.Third,thestudyexaminedwhetherSandplaytherapy improvedChineseinternationalstudents’lifestress,theresultrepresentedthattheexperiencefrequencyoflife stressdecreasedsignificantlyintheposttest[(M=94.5),Z(-2.201,P<0.5)]thanthepretest(M=36.33),and thattheimportanceofdailystressincreasedsignificantlyintheposttest[(M=134.83),Z(-1.997,P<0.5)]than thepretest(M=115.17).ThusSandplaytherapymaybeeffectiveinimprovingChineseinternationalstudents’ lifestress. Fourth,thestudy examined whetherSandplay therapy improved Chineseinternationalstudents’school adaptation,theresultrepresentedthatthegradeofschooladaptation,increasedsignificantlyintheposttest [(M=399.83),Z(-2.201,P<0.5)]than thepretest(M=375).ThusSandplaytherapymaybeeffectivein improvingChineseinternationalstudents’schooladaptation. Fifth,thestudyanalyzedqualitativelytheprocessofSandplaytherapyforChineseinternationalstudents’, theresultrepresentedthattherewasadifficultyofcommunicationowingtoparticipants’languageinthe initialsessionofSandplaytherapy,however,becauseofthecharacteristicofSandplaytherapywhichhelped clientsre-actvisually and symbolically theirinnerworld through figuresin sandtray,participantscould expresseasilytheirloneliness,anxiety,lifestressfrom theacademicpilgrimagethroughitsnonverbalhealing pattern,andrealizetheirdifficultiesthroughsuchcontactwithunconsciousness.Moreover,wecouldseethat astheprocessofSandplaytherapywasco