‘을사늑약’ 이전 경기지방 사립학교의 성격

The Characteristics of Private School in Kyunggy Province before the Ulsaneukyak(乙巳勒約)

Foreign concessions which were formed around ports or the main cities become the battle of life that made Korean connects with the new world. The enlarged personal exchange made people reconsider the recognition of the heterogeneous foreign culture. Educational activities which is a part of missionary work drew a conclusion ; the expansion of religious influence and the activated modern education. The private schools in Incheon, Ganghwa and Gaesung could make progress with this phenomenon. The first private school in Kyunggy province was Younghwa women s school in Incheon which was built in 1892. The founder of the institution was pastor Rev George Heber Jones s wife. This institution could strengthen educational substance due to the growing number of the students and the curricular consolidation. This became the cradle of the modern women education. Samil women s institute, Inchen Bakmoon school, Namyang Boheung school, Gaesung Hosudon women s school, Ganghwa Bochang schoo were the representative private schools of the time. The private school which was built in the village run both the elementry and advanced education. The curriculum was varied depends on the combination of the instructors or the characters of the students. Foreign languages such as English and Japanese were treated importantly in the port areas and in the foreign concessions. Especially the education which had too much emphasis on Japanese language education have important meaning in that it reflected the recognition of the reality to the operating body. There is some problem that it was the expediency to ensure the aggression passage and to upbring Japanese-friendly power. The founding and operating bodies were christians, ministers, local governors and the wealthy. The main figures of this movement were Cho Wonsi(Rev George Heber Jones), Lee Donghui, Yoo Kyunggun, Lee Hakjoon, Kang Jun, Seo Sangbin, Yoon Chiho, and Jeong Jae Hong. Later, cultural enlightenment movement was also lead by them. It was the motivation to promote educational national salvation movement by the mandatory education during the Han Empire era. This is reflected by the tie with the local people through the inspiration of the military spirit and the united movement committee. The private schools in the first part of the Great Han empire was the stage of the life that awaken the change of the current of the time. Building the civilized society was their ultimate goal. The educational effectiveness was the primary factor that destruct remaining negative convention. The strong interest in predominance of men over women, the discrimination against legitimate son and daughter, the equality rights between men and women, and the individual rights were the representative cases. Especially Kyunggy province area can be even called the Mecca that lead the modern education of Korea.