家禽類에서 分離한 Salmonella속균의 특성

Characteristics of salmonella species isolated from poultry

Salmonella species were isolated from 21 poultry flocks in the clinical pathology laboratory of Bayer Veterinary Medical Research Institute from January in 1989 to April in 1994. The clinical signs and lesions of poultry affected with salmonellosis were examined and biochemical properties, serological types and antibiotic susceptibilities of the salmonella isolates were also investigated. The results were as follows ; 1. Salmonella strains isolated from 21 poultry flocks suspected to salmonellosis were classified into 3 species as Salmonella pullorum 12 strains, Salmonella gallinarum 3 strains, Salmonella typhimurium 6 strains. 2. The 12 strains of S. pullorum were isolated 6 strains from adult layer, 1 strain from broiler and 3 strains from Korean native chicken. The 3 strains of S. gallinarum were isolated all from adult layer flocks. The 8 strains of S. typhimurium were isolated 2 strains from adult layer, 1 strain from young chicken, 2 strains from broiler and 1 strain from quail. The adult flocks affected with salmonellosis were all brown colored layer. 3. Most of the adult chickens infected with S. gallinarum, compared with the cases of S. pullorum infection, showed a hemorrhagic band in proventriculus besides the common lesions of salmonellosis such as peritonitis, pericarditis, swellen liver, spleen with grayish white foci and hemorrhagic, misshapen, discolored ova. 4. Salmonella typhimurium isolated from poultry flocks were differentiated from S. pullorum and S. gallinarum with motility, Simmons’ citrate, arginine decarboxylase, sorbitol and melibiose test. The differential tests for S. pullorum and S. galinarum were ornithine decarboxylase, dulcitol, fucose, dextrin, mucate and rhamnose. 5. Salmonella species isolated from poultry flocks were resistant to streptomycin(67%), tetracycline(33%), carbenicillin(19%), chloramphenicol(10%), nalidixic acid(10%) and ampicillin(10%), and susceptible to enrofloxacin(100%), gentamicin(100%), colistin(100%), kanamycin(100%), polymyxin B(100%), cephalothin(100%), tobramycin(100%), and neomycin(100%), respectively. 6. Out of 21 Salmonella species 16 isorates(76%) were resistant to antibiotics. The predominant resistant pattern was streptomycin resistant isolates(29%) and followed by tetracycline-streptomycin multiple resistants(19%), carbenicillin-tetracycline-chloramphenicol-ampicillin-streptomycin(10%), and carbenicillin streptomycin(10%). All of Salmonella typhinurium isolates were resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin.