狂犬病 診斷法 및 豫防藥의 發展 : 綜說

Development of Diagnostic Methods and Vaccines for Rabies in Animals in Korea : A Review

Rabies outbreak had been occurred in both human and animals even before the first official report on rabies in animals recorded in 1907 in Korea. Before early 1950’s the diagnosis for majority cases of animal rabies was dependent upon clinical signs and epidemiological characteristics such as excitement, salivation, dysphagia and bite by suspected rabid animals. After middle of 1950’s Seller’s staining method, mouse inoculation(MI) test, histopathological examination of brain lesions and complement-fixation test were used for diagnosis of animal rabies. But the complement-fixation test was not used officially but only experimentally for a short period. Direct fluorescent antibody test using hyperimmune serum was developed in 1970 and this method was used as official standard method for diagnosis of rabies until 1987. In 1988, as a result of production of monoclonal antibody against rabies virus, direct fluorescent antibody test was substituted by indirect fluorescent antibody(IFA) test. IFA test, MI test and histopathological examination have been used as official standard methods for the diagnosis of rabis in Korea.