한·러 언어 비교 연구: 품사와 굴절

A Contrastive Study of Korean and Russian: A Morphological Level

This article compares the two typologically divergent languages of Korean and Russian with respect to the linguistic level of morphology. Particularly, in terms of part-of-speech system, while Russian has every reason to posit the adjective as a major independent part-of-speech, Korean has no sufficient ground to do so. The lexemes having the lexical meaning of property or state should be considered part of the verb, not adjective. Instead it is suggested that they be sub-classified as “state verbs” on the basis of their semantics, in terms of which their distributional restriction is explained. This article also examines “pronouns” as a lexical subgroup of the noun, suggesting a distinct system of personal pronouns and analysing semantics and usage of what has been called “1st person plural pronouns”. The author makes it clear that they are “1st person collective pronouns”, which explains several semantic and syntactic peculiarities. It is also argued that interrogative pronouns in Korean should be renamed as indefinite pronouns, whose interrogative sense arises when they are focused and used in the question sentence. The final chapter of the paper argues that the morphological phenomenon of inflection cannot apply to Korean Josa and Eomi, whose actualization and realization are argued to be captured in terms of “agglutination”. They are syntactic units, participating in an extended syntactic phrase with the preceding phrase.