IS(이슬람국가)와 시리아, 이라크에 관한 연구

A Study on the Relationship among the Islamic State, Syria, and Iraq

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship among the IS, Syria, and Iraq. It is true that the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq in 2011 gave the IS an opportunity to regroup, and the Syrian Civil War provided the IS another chance to expand its power and create an Islamic State. This paper, however, posits that the main reason for the rise of the Islamic State is the Iraqi Shia government s failure to include Sunni people in the nation-building process after the withdrawal of U.S. military forces. Additionally, the Syrian government’s policies toward Islamic radical groups before and after the start of the civil war also contributed to the rise of the IS. Most non-governmental armed groups have risen in countries where the central government has either collapsed or become lethargic. In the case of the IS, on the contrary, the failure of Syrian and Iraqi governments’ policies have resulted in the growth of the radical group. This paper demonstrates that the policies of the Syrian Bashar government after the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, which promoted Jihadist groups, have had a major effect on the rise of the IS. This in turn led to Syria becoming engulfed in combat with the radical group. It also found that the failure of the second Nuri al-Maliki government’ policies have had a major impact on the establishment of the IS. The paper also shows that the relationship between the IS and the al-Nusra Front has fluctuated, depending on the situation, despite being offshoots of the same organization, al-Qaeda.