근대 일본 육군의 ‘獨斷專行’ 개념의 형성(1871~1909)

The Shaping of Dokudansenkou Concept in the Imperial Japanese Army(1871-1909)

This paper analyzes the meaning of Dokudansenkou conceived by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). The term was first used as a concept of military leadership but later transformed into a political concept. Usually, Dokudansenkou is referred to a political situation where the military acts on its own without much concern for its supervisors. This became particularly prominent in the beginning of the 1930s. IJA s Dokudansenkou first appeared in the military textbook that adopted French Army s strategy and tactics. At this time the Dokudansenkou simply meant the commander s leadership and the autonomy of a soldier. Afterwards, Dokudansenkou was confirmed as the army s leadership modelled after German Army s strategy and tactics. The conceptual transformation of Dokudansenkou, however, was directly triggered by the experience of the Russo-Japanese War. In the aftermath of the, Dokudansenkou came to articulate only the concept of high-ranking commander s leadership, and thereby making junior commanders and soldiers only obey to the higher leadership.