『중용』 해석을 둘러싼 근대적 담론

A Contemporary Discourse on the Interpretations around Zhong Yong -Viewing from the works of a Chinese philosopher Takeuchi Yoshio

Zhong Yong is a scripture of Neo-Confucianism. Neo-Confucianism is another name for Zhu Xi s compilation of Xinglixue, the principle learning. Zhu Xi systematized the rising innovative ideology Neo-Confucianism into the traditional philosophy that succeeded the essence of Confucian classics. In the process of his systematizing, the idea of Zhongyong was developed, and its arrangement was the philosophy of Zhong Yong. Zhong Yong is the metaphysics that synthesise the Confucian classics that is practical morality in daily life, ontology and moral philosophy, thus is also called the Philosophy books. Zhong Yong, with which the movements of heaven, earth and nature and the human societal behavior can be interpreted as the same principle, gives a detailed explanation about from self-cultivating theory of noble men to means and purpose of reigning a state. It also explains human character which must submit to Heaven s Mandate, unbending and unchanging of the doctrine of Zhong Yong, political techniques deploying religious rites, Sincerity theory that describes to deal matters in all sincerity, and so on - which are all the utopian ideologies that desires for an idealistic society. Such a synthesized philosophy book became to be accommodated by Japan as Neo-Confucianism spreaded into East Asia. Japanese Neo-Confuciaism which was rising in the 17th century was caught up in a conflict with the traditional Japanese thoughts. In the history of various developments of Neo-Confucianism the interpretations around Zhong Yong created as many differences as its various forms. This study observed that Ito Jinsai who relativized Zhong Yong rejected Neo-Confucianism and established his own independent idea. But, it was Confucianism which disintegrated from philosophical ideas. It was Nakai Riken who revived it as a philosophical idea. He was a scholar of Zhu Xi learning at Osaka Merchant Academy. By looking at the acceptance developments stated as above, a Chinese philosopher Takeuchi Yoshio pointed out Japanese characteristic in them, and named it Makoto philosophy. He further explained that the foreign idea of Chinese Confucianism entered Japanese society and became Japanize as a result.