「日本書紀」 에 보이는 五經博士 와 吳音

On the Doctors of the Five Chinese Classics in Nihonshoki and Go-on

During the first half of the 6th century, Backjae sent the doctors of the Five Chinese Classics to ancient Japan. The doctors are generally regarded as Backjae officials in the Korean academic circle. But the system of the Five Classics doctor, the nationality of the doctors in Nihonshoki and the influence of doctors are not examined carefully. First of all, the system of the Five Classics doctor, which was started in Han dynasty, decayed considerably after the collapse of Han Empire. This system was restored by Wu-ti( 武帝 ) of Xiao Liang( 蕭梁 ) established in 502, and Backjae dispatched the first envoy to Liang in 512. But Backjae started to embed the doctors to Japan in 514. It seems to be impossible that Backjae nurtured the doctors and sent them to Japan for only two years. In the other hand, Backjae asked Liang for the doctor of the Book of Songs. Additionally, the family name of doctors were that of typical Chinese, like as Duan( 段 ), Gao( 高 ), Wang( 王 ). It is true that Chinese people from Lelang( 樂浪 ) resided in Backjae. But, in ancient Japan, the Chinese who became to dwell in Backjae and the Chinese who came to Japan directly from China were distinguished quite clearly until Nara period. Go-on( 吳音 ) seems to be the circumstantial evidence to decide the nationality of doctors. Go-on, based on the sound of Jiangnan during the 5~6th centuries, remains the prevailing sound of Chinese characters along with Kan-on( 漢音 ) in Japan. Kan-on was formed by the close relationships with Sui and Tang for over 200years. But Japan had the short diplomatic relationship with Sung( 宋 ) and delegated envoys several times during the 5～6th centuries. As the result, there is the strong possibility that the doctors from Liang delivered the sound of Jiangnan and the sound. became Go-on in ancient Japan.