메가 스포츠 이벤트와 주민참여 양식의 변화

Change in Citizen Participation during Preparation for a Mega Sport Event - The Case of Gangneung Smile Campaign from the Perspective of Local Governance -

International mega sport events including Olympic Games are regarded as effectivestrategies to boost regional economy. Previous studies have attempted to shed light on pros or cons for Olympic Games through survey questionnaires. However, research on mega sport events lacks on critical reviews about the role of local residents’ participation in the preparation for the events despite their significance. Given few studies on citizen participation in mega sport games, this study takes the case of Gangneung Smile Campaign that has been promoted from 2013 to 2018 for the 2018 Pyeongchang Olympic Games as a desirable example in terms of the change in citizen participation. By interviewing stake-holders and reviewing local magazines and newspapers, this study finds out that there have been remarkable changes in the pattern of citizen participation in three dimensions including participants, decision-making processes, and power during the research period. More importantly, we also reveal that the combination of soft and hard power make the massive residents participate in the preparation for the international sport event. Based on the findings, we draw useful policy implications for other local governments planning international mega sport events.