Computer advances in recent decades have contributed to the emergence of three dimensional (3D) urban simulation, which studies urban environments based on virtual models of physical reality. This article discusses methods of 3D urban simulation for urban planning and design in order to understand their potential, capabilities, limitations and concerns about the validity of simulation outcome. It also reviews the use of 3D urban simulation in many application categories including public participation, visual impact analysis, development control, dispute resolution and historic preservation. The authors observe dilemmas and suggest directions for better integration of 3D urban simulation into the planning practice.
Ⅰ. Introduction
II. Evolution of 3D Urban Simulation
III. Three Concerns in Urban Simulation
IV. Applications of 3D visual simulation in urban planning and design
V. Discussion
VI. Conclusion