东北亚海洋历史文化遗产的现状与政策思考2

On the Conditions and Governance of Maritime Heritages in Northeast Asia

As a great maritime region with a long maritime history in the world, Northeast Asia possesses various maritime heritages including underwater cultural heritages, coastal cultural heritages, historical living regions of maritime communities, historical fishing or shipping sea regions, and historical maritime activities and folklore in China, Korea and Japan. Since the late of 20th century, the maritime heritages in Northeast Asia as in the world have been heavily and vastly endangered and destroyed along the coast and water regions. The most destructive activities are mainly conducted by the fast development of the coastal urbanization, industrialization and commercialization, which has heavily and vastly swept, changed, or covered the remains of maritime heritages both in and out the beach cities and coastal suburbs, as well as the historical bays and off‐shore areas. Besides, the fast development of the commercial activities and commercialization of the maritime artifacts esp. shipwrecked heritages in the international markets, has irritated the illegal stealing from coastal and underwater sites, even museums or protested places. Thus the great task in face is how to manage a good way during the modern development to keep the remains of maritime heritages. China, Korea and Japan all have established each of their series of particular and related laws and regulations in recent decades, and also signed almost all the particular and related agreements and treaties of the UNESCO, while the most difficult problem is how to really accept them in concept and really realize them in action. The most important way should be to provide a policy system for ensuring the realization of the laws and regulations both in concept and in action, both by the governments and by the people. Therefore, each country and the UNESCO should both revise and perfect their already‐series laws and regulations of maritime heritages protection, and strengthen their international co-operations.