戰後復興期 日本의 經濟發展

Japanese Economic Development in the Postwar Reconstruction Period

The high level of development of the Japanese economy is now a well-known fact, especially in relation to the postwar reconstruction period. In this paper, we intend first to ascertain this development in a few category, and then to explore the various factors which are responsible for its high level, although we are not certain we shall cover all such factors. Therefore, in this paper, we attempt to analyze the following category: 1. The Growth condition of in the postwar reconstruction period; 1) the land reform, dissolution of a financial clique and reform of labor union. 2) economic plan. 2. Capital accumulation and Economic Growth. 3. Process of Industrial policy Let us explain briefly in above mentioned category. 1. 1) In the postwar rehabilitation process, land reform in agriculture reduced the share of the land-owner’s rent, and greater power of labor unions increased labor’s relative share of the national income, both playing an important role in widening the domestic market. 2) And in Japan, we have had several economic plan in postwar period, but it is very striking that in each case the plans’ targets were extremely underestimated, as compared with actual outcome. This seems to depend upon the fact that once a plan was announced, firms always behave assuming that the plan’s target is a minimum line below which the firms could not but be defeated in the cutthroat competition with other firms. Therefore, firms try to expand their investment beyond the target prescribed by plan in other to extend their market share. 2. In the Development of Japanese Economy, we see a process of rapid economic growth through explosive investment behavior and downward price adjustment. It seems to be important to recognize the role of such a disequilibrating mechanism in causing the exceptionally high rate of growth, for without this unstable mechanism we could not have attained such a rapid development. 3. One of the secrets of Japan’s high rate of postwar growth lie in process the industrial policy.