드럭커(Peter F. Drucker)의 經營革新理論에 관한 硏究와 그 批判

Drucker’s Theory of Managerial Innovation - mainly on his customer-oriented thinking and profit -

Drucker’s theory of management is that the incessant managerial innovation is essential fact of attaining and increasing the economic achivement in paralell with enterprise’s maintenance and prosperity and insists that the core of innovation is customer-oriented thinking, in other words. Drucker stands negative point of profit-maximization principle being known as the purpose of business activities. But there are not a little inconsistancy in his theory due to overemphasize the customer-or-iented thinking, we should regard his theory as new interpretationism, not as meaningless theory. In his theory, we should notice that enterprise should meet commercialism to maintain everlastingly which means not short-term, temporary profit but long-term, continuous profit. Management is both the carrier and the result of these two developments. It is the organ through which the institutions of the society of organizations can be made to function and to perform their mission. And management itself is such a knowledge. It is a discipline with its own subject matters, its own skills, its own expertise. Above all, managers of these institutions in a society of organizations form the leadership groups of the society. We hear a gerat deal today about the manager of the future. But the important man is the manager of today. And the first requirement is that the manager knows his craft, his tools, his take and responsibility. The frist requirement is that he be able to function. Druckerism emphasize customer-oriented thinking and customer-oriented profit to maintain business activity. Drucker’s customer-oriented thinking and commercialism, are very suggestive not only for the maintenance and development of enterprises themselves but also for the hapiness of employ and for the social, economical development. Some scholar regards Drucker as un-orthodox scholar of management because his theory of managerial innovation is often overemphasized in itself. Others remark that Drucker’s theory is characterized as computopia and futurism, and as economic recognition in human resources, and as theory of respecting man’s life and dignity, and as management recognition, and accordingly as practicalism rather than scholarism. Drucker says 「Management is though」and also says 「Management is catalyst which enables economic and social development in rapid speed as we as maintain the freedom and dignity if humans」. On that account, there is something in the Drucker’s theory which distinguishes it from others which is usually a simple theory in a way of trying for enterprise to understand the way of existence and the reason for being in social relationships. Although his theory of customer-oriented thinking and un-commercialism are somewhat defective theorically his system of management theory which insists on enterprise’s duty to laborer and society with growing managerial innovation, is very suggestive in today’s Korean situation which demands the industrial modernization, technical innovation, development of high quality manpower.