This essay discusses ‘aural’ racial ideology by exploring the possibility and meaning of being ‘color-deaf’ in American society. The firm belief that race can be heard reveals how racial traits―blackness, in particular―have become fixed and essentialized. Radio productions and sound films of the 1920s and 30s offer a good example of the process by which voice was racialized in the United States. Aural experiences have continued to be combined with and reproduce visual images to support the supremacy of whiteness. Colorblind and color-deaf casting from the 1960s also reflects this process; while it is supposed to challenge racial essentialism and stratification, it turns out to be as limited as colorblind ideology. In addition to radio and film productions of the 1920s and 30s, this essay examines the Disney animated film Mulan (1998) and its voice acting to investigate colorblind and color-deaf casting practices and to analyze the relationship between aural experiences and race.
I. 서론
II. 목소리와 인종
III. 1920-30년대 미국 라디오 방송과 유성 영화
IV. 디즈니의 <뮬란>과 컬러 데프니스
V. 결론