프랑스 제3공화정기 여성참정권 운동의 특성에 관한 일고

Study on the particularity of women s suffrage movement in France under the Third Republic: 1871-1922

The aim of this article was to pursue the particularity of suffragists behavior in France under the Third Republic. Many historians of modern France would agree that women s movement of France was under-developed, compared with that of America and England. Thus I studied Why French suffragists defined their strategy within such cautious limits, given the contemporary examples of British and American suffragists. So this paper would be the study of complement in order to make up the lack on the preceding studies. The writings of French suffragists, their personal papers, and contemporary accounts suggest that the most important answer to such questions was the social origins and collective attitudes of French suffragists. Women of liberal middle classes, with shares backgrounds and values, dominated the movement. Bourgeois mentalites predisposed them to gradual, lawful solutions. Suffragists homogeneity tolerated latitude in ideas but little diversity in behavior. Also this article examines the attitudes of the Senate in France. In 1922, they refused the bills passed in the Chamber of Deputies in 1919. Men could not admit women in the political sphere which they considered as exclusively reserved of men. The republicans, even if they agreed in principle, refused to allow women s suffrage on the grounds that it was not a politically proper time. The radicals claimed that they feared the anti-republican influence on women. In practical, this argument and decision were closely connected to bourgeois mentality which was defined as the french particularity of women s suffrage movement.