이중성과 전환기적 특성(kettőség és átmenetiség)

A Study on the ‘Duplicity’ and ‘Transientity’ : Hungarian Culture during the era of Dual monarchy

Hungarian culture had been strongly influenced by Austrian culture and started to show the unified and compromised characteristics between Hungary and Austria in the era of Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy. Even though Hungarian culture in Dual Monarchy could be regarded as European in the traditional macro perspective, the fin-de-siecle Hungarian mood that was duplicate and transient in tension and stillness, romanticism and passion, nationalism and cosmopolitanism, etc, had been very unique by itself. After 1867 Compromise, europeanism in Hungarian culture as well as Hungarian original culture had been focused with the establishment of Dual Monarchy. Along with its geological importance, centered in the European continent, Budapest had displayed the refined, urban, pan-european patterns in all respects. In this course, not only the duplicity that emerged from the denial and quest of the past but also transiency that appeared as a form of mixed culture could be found. The inconsistent fusion phenomena had even coined the word “contradictory harmony”. Hungarian traditional style had been reflected through the western windows of Austria, and could be found in the numerous literary works, architectural buildings, the ways of living, etc. This reflection had to do with the ‘Duplicity’ and the ‘Transiency’, and this tendency had captured the Hungarian intellectuals consciously or unconsciously. Hungarian culture during the era of Dual Monarchy could be characterized by the concepts of the ‘Duplicity’ and the ‘Transiency’.