제주방언의 피동 연구

A study on passivity in Jeju dialect - focusing on ‘-eojida’ -

The present research aims to examine how passivity is realized in Jeju dialect by investigating its characteristics . Compared to common language , one unique feature of passivity in Jeju dialect is that passivity based on passive suffix has a very low productivity and shows a conspicuous form of passivity using ‘- eojida ’. That is , in Jeju dialect , passive expressions combined with passive suffix are not that common whereas the form combined with ‘- eojida ’ are widely prevalent . A s a result of comparing the realization of passivity in Jeju dialect with the spoken corpus analyzed by S ehwan Kim (2007), lexical passivity of ‘ doe - da , bat - da , dang - ha - da ’ shows similar figures (27.3% and 28.5%) whereas there is significant difference in terms of derivative passivity (3.6% and 40.5%) and syntactic passivity (69.1% and 31%). In Jeju dialect , ‘- eojida ’ is being realized at the level of approximately 70%, which demonstrates how widely the passive expression of ‘- eojida ’ is being used in Jeju dialect . A ccording to the result of classifying the meanings of ‘- eojida ’ used in sentences of Jeju dialect introduced in < Jeju dialect oral source book >, they can be categorized into ‘ passivity ’, ‘ possibility ’, ‘ perfect ’, ‘ change of status ’, and ‘ involuntary ’. A s in common language , there is no doubt that ‘- eojida ’ in Jeju dialect is significant in the meanings related to ‘ passivity ’. However , in common language , passivity is realized by being combined with the passive suffix whereas in Jeju dialect , only a small portion of passivity forms are accompanied by the passive suffix , and syntactic passivity is more prevalent . Meanwhile , there are few cases in Jeju dialect where ‘- eojida ’ is combined with adjectives . When ‘- eojida ’ is combined with an adjective , it indicates the change of status . In Jeju dialect , this semantic function is replaced by ‘- am/eom ’ combined at the end of an adjective . Therefore , when compared with common language , the portion of ‘ status change ’ in semantic function of ‘- eojida ’ is low . In Jeju dialect , passivity based on passive suffix is limited . ‘B bat - gi - da , ssoi - da , jjot - gi - da ’ are the examples , and future research should focus on diachronic examination of the reason why certain verbs do not form syntactic derivatives.