파이토뉴트리언트와 뼈 건강

Effect of phytonutrients on the bone health

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone quality and bone mass that predispose an individual to an increased risk of fragility fractures. While the list of these phytonutrients is extensive, this review summarizes evidence on some which are commonly consumed and have gained increasing attention over recent years, including resveratrol and various polyphenols (e.g. polyphenols from grape, tea, citrus fruit, tomatos). Evidence to define a clear link between these phytonutrients and bone health is currently insufficient to generate precise dietary recommendations, owing to mixed findings or a scarcity in clinical data. Moreover, their consumption typically occurs within the context of a diet consisting of a mix of phytonutrients and other nutrients rather than in isolation. Future clinical trials that can apply a robust set of outcome measurements, including the determinants of bone strength, such as bone quality and bone quantity, will help to provide a more comprehensive outlook on how bone responds to these various phytonutrients. Moreover, future trials that combine these phytonutrients with established bone nutrients are needed to determine whether combined strategies can produce more robust effects on skeletal health.