민권시인 白居易의 愛民詩 몇 수

Bai JüYi’s Several Poems For Peoples’ Human Rights

본고는 동아시아 전통법문화에서도 과연 인권과 정의가 살아 숨 쉬었는지를 알아보기 위하여, 법(인)문학적 관점에서 당(唐) 후기 유명한 민권시인 백거이(白居易)의 애민시 20여 수를 한글로 옮겨 평석하면서, 고대 문인정치에서 백성의 인권보호와 정의실현의 단면을 살펴본다. 먼저 백거이의 시대배경과 인물을 간략히 소개하고, 백거이가 왜 시를 쓰는지 스스로 밝힌 시론(詩論)과 실천궁행한 정의감을 살펴본다. 이어 백성의 민생고를 슬퍼하는 민권시를 주제별로 음식, 의복, 주거 생활로 나누어 소개하고, 천하를 근심한 비천민인(悲 天憫人)의 명작 진중음십수(秦中吟十首)를 모두 살펴보며, 백거이의 사랑이 인민에 그치지 않고 미물 중생까지 미쳐, 인본주의에서 생본주의(生本主義)로 확대한 대자비심을 드러내는 ‘방생(放生)’시 한 편을 소개한다. 끝으로 백거이가 못 다한 인민 사랑을 읊은 회포시를 관련 사적기록과 함께 소개해 맺음말에 가름하며, 필자가 백거이 시 평론을 쓰고 소동파 일화집을 읽은 감상을 적은 자작시 한 수를 덧붙인다.

This paper would like to aim to translate Bai JüYi’s some twenty poems for loving peoples in Dang-Dynasty to Korean and appreciate the politics of literary men in ancient East Asia, so as to confirm whether peoples’ human rights & socal justice had been alive or realized in East Asian traditional society. The main topics & contents of this paper are as follows. At first, this paper introduces the time backgrounds of Bai JüYi & his personality, and observes his poetics why he had written poetry. Secondly, it introduces his poems which had described his sad feelings for the people’s economic sorry plight in order of the topics of foods, clothing, and housing life, and savours his famous ‘Ten Poems of Qin-Zhong-Yin(秦中吟十首)’ in all. Thirdly, it introduces one particular poem which had described his release of two captive fishes over one foot, which means that his charity & compassion in heart had been extended infinitely from for the people to the whole of creation. Lastly, it introduces his poem in which he had sung about his own deep emotion when he had received a good & earnest sendoff by many senior inhabitants in memory of his leaving post in Hang-Zhou(杭州). Especially in addition, it records the writer’s own Chinese poem which sings about some feelings after appreciating & translating Bai JüYi’s poems and reading a collection of anecdotes on Su Shi(蘇軾).