실리콘 화합물로 도포된 목재의 열위험성 평가

Heat Risk Assessment of Wood Coated with Silicone Compounds

실리콘 화합물 4종으로 처리한 편백목재 시험편의 연소특성에 관한 실험을 ISO 5660-1 표준에 따른 콘칼로리미터를 이용하여 수행하였다. 난연재는 소듐실리케이트와 아미노실란을 이용하여 합성하였다. 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS), 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propylmethyldimethoxysilane (AEA-PMDMS), 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane (AEAPTM)을 실란 화합물로 사용하였다. 외부열유속 50 kW/m 2 에서 연소후 측정된 실리콘 졸로 처리한 시험편의 착화시간은 9∼11 s로 얻어졌으며 공시편보다 3∼5 s 지연되었다. 최대열방출율은 공시편과 비교하여 5∼20% 감소되 었고 화재초기위험성은 AEAPMDMS가 가장 높았다. 총열방출량은 1∼22% 감소되었다. 화재성능지수(FPI)는 공시편 보다 1.5∼2.2배 증가하였다. 화재성장지수(FGI)는 AEAPMDMS로 처리된 시험편은 20% 증가하였고 나머지 시편은 93∼94% 감소하였다. 따라서 실리콘화합물로 처리한 목재의 화재위험성은 열위험성 측면에서 개선되었다.

Experiments on the combustion characteristics of untreated wood specimens and those treated with four types of silicone compounds were carried out using a cone calorimeter according to the ISO 5660-1 standard. 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS), 3-(2-aminoethylamino) propylmethyldimethoxysilane (AEAPMDMS), and 3-(2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (AEAPTMS) were used as the silane compounds. The flame retardants were synthesized with sodium silicate and amino silane compounds. The measured time to ignition after combustion at an external heat flux of 50 kW/m 2 was 9 s to 11 s. Time to ignition was marked with a delayed value in the 3 s to 5 s range. The peak heat release rate (HRR peak ) was reduced by 5 to 20% compared with the uncoated specimen, and AEAPMDMS showed the highest initial fire risk. The total heat release (THR) was decreased by 1 to 22%. Compared to the untreated specimen, the fire performance index (FPI) of the specimens coated with silicone sol compounds increased by 1.5 to 2.2 fold. The fire growth index (FGI) of the AEAPMDMS specimen was increased by 30% and the others were decreased by 93 to 94%. Therefore, the fire risk of wood coated with silicone compounds was improved in terms of the heat risk properties.