A New Six-rowed and Covered Waxy Barley Cultivar, “Samkwangchal” with Good Quality and High Yield

Samkwangchal, a new covered waxy barley cultivar, was developed from the cross between “Daebaegbori” with early maturing and large grain size and “Suwon 302” with waxy endosperm by the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA. Among the crosses made in 1996, a promising line (YB4298-B-B-5-3-5) that showed high yield and quality characteristics in the yield trial test at Suwon in 2002 was designated as Suwon 394. It performed good in the Regional Yield Trials (RYT) at five locations in Korea for three years from 2003 to 2005, and was released as the name of “Samkwangchal”. It pertains to the growth habit of IV and has characteristics of green leaf and stem and compact spike with long rough awns. Its heading date was April 29 in upland and April 22 in paddy field conditions, which were one and two days later than those of the check cultivar Seodunchalbori, respectively. Its maturing date was June 1 in upland and June 2 in upland and May 30 in paddy field, which were same and which were 2 days later than that of Seodunchalbori. The new cultivar, Samkwangchal, had 75 cm of culm length, which was 10 cm shorter than that of Seodunchalbori, and 4.1 cm of spike length. It showed 662 spikes per m², 49 grains per spike, 36.0 g of 1,000-grain weight, and 662 g of test weight. Samkwangchal showed weaker winter hardiness, but better resistance to powdery mildew and BaYMV (Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus) than those of the check cultivar, Seodunchalbori. It showed higher β-glucan content, pearling rate and whiteness than those of the check cultivar, but protein content, vice versa. Its average yield of the pearled grain in the regional yield trial was 4.60 MT/ha in upland and 4.28 MT/ha in paddy field, which was 12% and 3% higher than those of the check cultivar, respectively. This cultivar would be suitable for the area above the daily minimum temperature of -8℃ in January in Korean peninsula.