3·1운동과 기억

The March 1st Movement, and How it is remembered : Dissecting common knowledge taught to students by textbooks

3·1운동의 배경, 전개, 의의에 관한 교과서 서술의 변화를 살펴보면서 알 수 있듯이, 교과서는 역사학의 성과를 반영하기도 하고 반영하지 않기도 한다. 교과서임에도 정확하지 않거나 입증되지 않은 사실들도 서술된다. 관점은 더욱 다양해서 보수 역사학계와 진보 역사학의 성과가 혼재되어 있다. 교과서의 내용 역시 축적되거나 변형되는 역사적 존재인 것이다. 교과서 속 3·1운동에 대한 상식 역시 그렇게 형성되고 변화되어 오늘에 이른 것이다. 본 논문에서는 3.1운동의 배경, 전개, 의의라는 교과서 서술 구조를 따라가며 해방 이후 오늘날까지 고등학교 역사 교과서의 3.1운동 서술 내용을 살펴보고자 한다.

If we take a look at some changes that happened in the past on pages of school textbooks describing the background, progressing and meaning of the March 1st Movement, we can see some parts reflecting results of academic research achieved so far, as well as some parts which definitely have not. There are incorrect accounts or even observations yet to be proved by others included in the textbooks. Various points of view are also embedded in the contents: some are from the conservative base of the historical community while some are from the progressive base. In that regard, one may argue that the contents of the textbooks are also historical beings, which would accumulate, change, or even be distorted with the passage of time. The general perception of the March 1st Movement as depicted in the textbooks reflect such evolution of people’s view of the very movement. In this article, the general structure of the textbooks outlining the March 1st Movement -the background, the progressing, and the meaning- is reevaluated, in order to have an overall look of how this movement have been described in Korean High school textbooks, since the liberation and up until now.