6.25전쟁 이후 한국의 동유럽 인식: 중립국감시위원단을 중심으로

The Republic of Korea’s Perception of Eastern Europe after the Korean War: Focusing on the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission in Korea

이 연구는 6.25전쟁 이후 동유럽 공산국이 포함된 중립국감시위원단에 대한 한국과 미국의 반응, 그리고 한국인들의 인식을 분석했다. 첫째, 기존 연구에서 공산중립국감시위원단 축출 시위가 한국정부에 의한 ‘관제데모’ 였다는 특징을 강조했지만, 대부분의 당시 언론과 미국무부 입장에 의해 한국인들의 시위에서 자발적 성격을 나타났음을 확인할 수 있다. 둘째, 중립 국감시위원단의 비무장지대로의 철수와 활동정지는 공산 중립국감시위원 단의 정전협정 준수 위반으로 인해 촉발됐다. 셋째, 1956년 중립국감시위원단 철수와 헝가리혁명이라는 동유럽에 대한 일련의 상황에서 한국인들은 동유럽이 아닌 공산주의 위성국가에 반대했음을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 헝가리· 폴란드에서의 혁명에 대한 한국인들의 지지는 세계적 흐름과 연동되었으 며, ‘기독교’와 ‘자유’를 동유럽인들과 공감했다.

This study analyzed the South Korean people’s perception of and the reactions of the Republic of Korea(ROK) and the United States to the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission(NNSC), which included communist states of Eastern Europe, after the Korean War. The results of this study as follows: First, while previous studies emphasized that the demonstrations against the communist states of the NNSC were “controlled demonstrations” by the ROK government, it was confirmed through most of the press and US State Department’s documents at that time that those protests had voluntary features. Second, the withdrawal of the NNSC to the Demilitarized Zone and the suspension of its investigations were triggered by the communist delegates of the NNSC in violation of the armistice agreement. Third, given a series of events involving Eastern Europe in 1956 such as the withdrawal of NNSC and the Hungarian Revolution, it was found that South Koreans were opposed to the communist satellite states, not Eastern Europe. Fourth, ROK’s support for the Hungarian Revolution was linked to the global trend. The support from the South Korean Christian community that sympathized with the Eastern European people from Christianity and freedom was especially enthusiastic and concrete.