일본의 입지적정화계획 운용에 관한 고찰

A Study on Operation of Japanese Locational Optimization Plan

Japan is executing the Compact City Plans as means of urban regeneration projects in small/medium cities in which substantial level of population decrease and the aging phenomenon are taking place. In fact, these Compact City Plans are actually guided by the Locational Optimization Plan, which is the main subject for this study. The result of this study is as following: First, Locational Optimization Plan, that is, a Comprehensive Masterplan of the optimized arrangement of locations of urban facilities including welfare, medical, and commercial ones as well as public transportation networks, may be applied in a certain areas of urban planning districts. Second, the Locational Optimization Plan is usually devised by a Shichowooson(urban district unit in Japan), yet it may be also cooperatively devised by more than two Shichowoosons if needed. Third, Locational Optimization Plan designate the urbanization areas while residential concentration zone is designated within the urbanization area and the urban function concentration zone is, once again, designated within the residential concentration area. In addition, urban function concentration zone should be able to guide the appropriate location of urban facilities, and also separately designate the optimized parking lot areas in order to elevate the convenience and safety of pedestrian traffic. Fourth, when certain areas are needed to be demolished, the relevant maintenance zone could be designated. In the same context, the residential maintenance zone may be designated in places where population controls are actually needed. Fifth, Locational Optimization Plan, according to the Urban Regeneration Special Act , requires to register those residentail development plans outside the residential concentration zone, in order to identify the overall residential development circumstance, and also to apprehend the urban regeneration state level. Sixth, in case of registering residential development plans within residential maintenance zones, the subject zones will be regarded as the urbanization areas where development permit system will be applied and the maintenance plans of public transportation networks will be devised.