유아의 기질이 어머니와의 상호작용과 사회정서유능감에 미치는 영향

Effects of Young Children’s Temperament on Interaction with Mothers and Socioemotional Competence

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of young children’s temperament on their maternal interactions and socio-emotional competencies. The study involved 348 mothers with children aged between 3 and 5 years. The results of this study are as follows: First, sociability of temperament had a direct effect on children’s socio-emotional competence but did not directly affect maternal interactions. While boys’ activity directly affected reactive and physical maternal interactions, girls’ activity directly affected linguistic, reactive, and physical maternal interactions. While boys’ emotionality directly affected linguistic, reactive, and physical maternal interactions, girls’ emotionality had direct effects on linguistic and reactive maternal interactions. For children of both genders, emotionality had direct effect on socio-emotional competence. Second, while only physical interactions with mothers directly affected the socio-emotional competence in boys, girls exhibited differences in linguistic, reactive, and physical interactions with their mothers, which directly affected their socio-emotional competence. Third, boys’ activity and emotionality of temperament were shown to have an indirect influence on their socio-emotional competence through physical maternal interaction, and sociability was found to have no indirect influence. The activity of girls was found to have an indirect effect on their socio-emotional competence through linguistic, reactive, and physical maternal interactions.