수능시험 출제오류로 인한 국가배상책임의 성립 검토 -객관적 정당성의 상실에 대한 적용을 중심으로-

Government Liability over a Flawed question of College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT) -Focused on Loss of Objective Justification-

국가시험에 있어 출제 및 정답 결정의 오류로 인한 국가배상책임의 성립여부에 대하여 대법원은 매우 소극적으로 해석하여 왔다. 대법원은 국가가 법령에 의하여 관리하는 시험의 경우 행정소송에 의한 구제와는 별도로 금전배상에 대하여는 ‘객관적 정당성’의 법리를 통해 매우 소극적인 태도를 보여 온 것이다. 하지만 이러한 ‘객관적 정당성’의 법리가 학계로부터 강한 비판을 받아온 점과, 수능 오류와 관련한 여러 사실관계 및 수능시험이 단순한 자격시험이 아닌 점을 고려하여 본다면, ‘객관적 정당성’의 법리를 수능시험 출제오류에 적용함에 있어서는 신중을 기하여야 할 것으로 보인다.

Recently, it has been confirmed by the decision of the Court that there had been a error of 2014 College Scholastic Ability Test(CSAT) question even long after the CSAT is carried out. But, the Supreme Court has been stingy in liability with respect to errors in the national exam questions. The Supreme Court has denied the national liability even if the illegalty of the error and failed exam questions recognized in administrative proceedings, based on whether there had been ‘loss of objective justification theory’. In other words, the Supreme Court did not determine the national liability with respect to the victims prevailing inadministrative proceedings, on the reason why there had not been ‘loss of objective justification’. But, requirements ‘loss of objective justification’ established by the court, which is difficult to determine, as well as there are issues that are too narrow to admit the concept of the requirements of the state compensation law unconstitutional. The Supreme Court has showed a passive attitude through ‘loss of objective justification on reparation in cash in separate with succor in administrative litigation in case of national exam administerd by national law. However, in consideration of that this theory of loss of objective justification strongly criticized from academia, that CSAT is not a mere qualifying examination, and the fact relation with error on CSAT, we should be careful in application of the theory of loss of objective justification on a flawed question in CSAT. Candidates who suffer damage due to an errorquestions will need to be made to the actual damages if there are more damage uncompensated despite the recalculated score or adding admission.